ns sir's organic chemistry in order (from Mohit Tyagi/Competishun YT channel)

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Currently Playing: 15 Common Names Of Alkanes And Alkyl Substituants | IUPAC Nomenclature | IIT JEE Main

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Explore: pi.competishun.com --------------- Basic Organic Chemistry-IUPAC Nomenclature | Chemistry by N.S Sir | Class 11 & 12 | IIT JEE Main & Advanced In this video lecture by Neeraj Saini Sir (#NS_Sir) various terms used in Organic Chemistry have been explained with examples which are very important to understand the concepts of Organic Chemistry. Topics covered in this lecture of Basic Terms of Organic Chemistry (Class 11 &12 | IIT JEE Main & Advanced) by N.S Sir with timestamps are as follows:- 00:00 - 06:07 :- Common names for Alkane Substituents : Certain branched alkanes have common names that are still widely used today. These common names make use of prefixes, such as iso-, sec-, tert-, and neo-. The prefix iso-, which stands for isomer, is commonly given to 2-methyl alkanes. In other words, if there is methyl group located on the second carbon of a carbon chain, we can use the prefix iso-. The prefix will be placed in front of the alkane name that indicates the total number of carbons. Examples: isopentane which is the same as 2-methylbutane isobutane which is the same as 2-methylpropane To assign the prefixes sec-, which stands for secondary, and tert-, for tertiary, it is important that we first learn how to classify carbon molecules. If a carbon is attached to only one other carbon, it is called a primary carbon. If a carbon is attached to two other carbons, it is called a seconday carbon. A tertiary carbon is attached to three other carbons and last, a quaternary carbon is attached to four other carbons. Examples: 4-sec-butylheptane (30g) 4-tert-butyl-5-isopropylhexane (30d); if using this example, may want to move sec/tert after iso disc The prefix neo- refers to a substituent whose second-to-last carbon of the chain is trisubstituted (has three methyl groups attached to it). A neo-pentyl has five carbons total. Examples: neopentane and neoheptane 06:08 - 12:31 :- Common names for Alkyl Substituents : Alkanes can be described by the general formula CnH2n+2. An alkyl group is formed by removing one hydrogen from the alkane chain and is described by the formula CnH2n+1. The removal of this hydrogen results in a stem change from -ane to -yl. Take a look at the following examples. CH4 gives CH3 on hydrogen removal. n-alkyl: CH3-CH2-CH2 : n-propyl CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 : n-butyl Sec alkyl: Starting with propyl alkyl groups there is the possibility of a connection other than the very end. The prefix "iso" implies that the connection ends with a (CH3)2CH- group. CH3-CH-CH3 :Iso propyl CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 : sec butyl Tertiary alkyl: Starting with four carbon alkyl groups, there is an isomer which can have a connection to a tertiary carbon. These alkyl groups get the prefix "t." Example: t-butyl,t-pentyl etc. Iso alkyl: iso propyl and iso butyl are the examples Chapter-IUPAC Nomenclature, is very important to understand for good understanding of Oragnic Chemistry concepts in the upcoming chapters with respect to JEE Main & Advanced. 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