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'Rule, Britannia!' was composed by James Thomson, a Scottish poet, and set to music by Thomas Arne, an English composer. The original version of the song was written as a patriotic poem called "Alfred" for a masque titled 'Alfred, a Masque' which celebrated the hero King Alfred the Great. The lyrics of the 1740 version of "Rule, Britannia!" emphasises the idea of Britain's supremacy and its destiny as a dominant maritime nation. The song presents a historical narrative, praising Britain's rise as a naval power and emphasising its freedom and refusal to be enslaved. It speaks of the country's naval prowess and the pride associated with its seafaring heritage. While the exact lyrics of the original 1740 version of "Rule, Britannia!" may not be widely known today, the song's core themes and spirit have endured over the centuries. It has become an iconic anthem associated with British patriotism and pride, often performed at patriotic events, naval ceremonies, and in cultural settings. As with many songs, "Rule, Britannia!" has undergone variations and adaptations over time. Different verses and arrangements have been added, modified, or omitted to suit specific occasions or reflect changing sentiments. These adaptations have contributed to the song's continued popularity and its ability to resonate with different generations of Britons. Thomas Arne laid the foundation for the song's enduring legacy, capturing the essence of British pride, maritime power, and the spirit of independence that has come to symbolise the country.