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Currently Playing: Dark Matter Exists. Here's how we know.

Dark matter is 84% of the matter in the universe and it single-handedly explains a lot of stuff: cluster motion, galactic rotation, gravitational lensing, and the CMB. We have piles of irrefutable evidence. Let's go through it, shall we. Nick Lucid - Host/Writer/Editor/Animator Vanessa R Bradley - Thumbnail Eric Aspling - Researcher ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS Most Galaxies are Moving Faster than Light! https://youtu.be/9udKv1NXm7w The REAL Source of Gravity: https://youtu.be/F5PfjsPdBzg The Oldest Light in the UNIVERSE! (CMB) https://youtu.be/Js4Oy2CjOtE ________________________________ RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS PBS Space Time on Dark Matter: https://youtu.be/z3rgl-_a5C0 Crash Course on Dark Matter: https://youtu.be/9W3RsaWuCuE ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/ScienceAsylum YouTube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXgNowiGxwwnLeQ7DXTwXPg/join Advanced Theoretical Physics (Paperback): http://www.lulu.com/shop/nick-lucid/advanced-theoretical-physics-a-historical-perspective/paperback/product-24250687.html Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://gumroad.com/l/ubSc Merchandise: https://www.scienceasylum.com ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE SUPPORTERS Asylum Counselors: Matthew O'Connor, Nikolaos Vasiloglou II Asylum Orderlies: Fabio Manzini, Josiah Gleaton, Medec Hurtz Einsteinium Crazies: Bosphorus, Eoin O'Sullivan, Ilya Yashin, Jonathan Lima, Joseph Salomone, Ken Davis, Sean K, Wacky, L. Wayne Ausbrooks, Blank NA, Flying Monkey Plutonium Crazies: Al Davis, Compuart, Ellis Hall, Kevin MacLean, Madhu Subbu, Rick Myers Platinum Crazies: André Weyermann, Benjamin Dixon, Clayton Bruckert, David Johnston, Jon Adams, Jonathan Reel, Kyle Bowles, LT Marshall, Marcus Barcelos, Marino Hernandez, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, Mr. Orn Jonasar, Olga Cooperman, Stephen Blinn, Stephen Gailey, Tom Hawking, Vittorio Monaco ________________________________ OTHER SOURCES https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.06406 https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept16/Bertone/Bertone4.html https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.00013 https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/v/Virial+Theorem https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March17/Zwicky/frames.html https://chandra.harvard.edu/ https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gravitational-lensing https://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hyde.html https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Handbook/Tables/hydrogentable2.htm https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Handbook/Tables/heliumtable2.htm https://sci.esa.int/s/wRVmdjw https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept17/Freese/Freese3.html ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrIY1UlogBg&lc=Ugz-VultZcFuaZdUPXp4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE CREDITS Bullet Cluster: https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/1e0657/more.html Chandra Space Probe: https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA18166 Coma Cluster: https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/videos/2018/44/1188-Video.html Cosmic Microwave Background: https://sci.esa.int/s/WLGmGdw Dark Nebula: https://images.nasa.gov/details-GSFC_20171208_Archive_e000999 Earth Map (Mollweide): https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_1056.html Galatic Rotation: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1709b/ Galatic Collision: https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/videos/2012/20/700-Video.html Gravitational Lensing: https://esahubble.org/videos/heic1106a/ Scorpius X-1: https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA18845 Twin Quasar: https://esahubble.org/images/potw1403a/ Type 1a Supernova: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13852 People: https://digital.archives.caltech.edu/islandora/object/image%3A5855 https://photos.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/photos/purcell-edward-b4 https://www.gb.nrao.edu/fgdocs/HI21cm/ephorn.html https://photos.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/photos/rubin-vera-b5 https://photos.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/photos/ford-kent-b1 ________________________________ TIME CODES 00:00 Cold Open 00:35 Fritz Zwicky 01:44 HR Diagrams 02:51 Doppler Redshift 03:58 Virial Theorem 04:29 Zwicky was wrong 05:33 21 cm Hydrogen Line 06:40 X-Ray Astronomy 07:37 Vera Rubin 08:35 Rotation Curves 10:17 Gravitational Lensing 10:48 Bullet Cluster 12:15 Cosmic Micowave Background 13:50 Summary 14:46 Outro 15:08 Featured Comment